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The Hospital of Victoria Prison had separate wards for male and female inmates. The hospital staff was responsible for providing medical cares for the sick inmates round the clock. They also needed to conduct body examination for the newly admitted convicts and detainees. Hospital waiting area on the Second floor of D Hall. The hospital had dispensary and store room. Ante-natal and post-natal cares were provided in female ward of the prison hospital, but babies are normally delivered in public hospitals.

The medical officer distributed medicine to the sick inmates regularly. The morgue was located on the ground floor of D Hall, for post-mortem examination of prisoners who died in prison. The prison morgue was not in use for many years. Deceased prisoners now would be sent to public mortuary for post-mortem examination. All deaths inside prison should be reported to the Coroner to hold an inquest. The prison morgue used a mosaic table with drains to cool the body during post-mortem examination as there was no air-conditioning system in Victoria Prison. Dry Earth System and night buckets were used in Victoria Gaol cells and dormitories in the early days for the disposal of sewage and excreta. However, the soil on the Hong Kong Island could not absorb the urine and caused bad smell.

Victoria Prison used buckets to collect excrement after the Second World War. Buckets were provided for prisoners in cells during the night. Excrement in the buckets would be carried to the drainage hole, which was covered when not in use. The Report of the Gaol Committee in 1877 show that there was no rehabilitation service for the Chinese prisoners before the Second World War. The Visiting Justices visited the Prison at least once a week. They receive and investigate complaints from persons in custody. Since the 1970s, welfare officers are assigned to look after the welfare of prisoners, helping them to solve personal problems and overcome the difficulties they face during imprisonment.